Experimental Intrastriatal Applications of Botulinum Neurotoxin-A: A Review
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Botulinum neurotoxin: a deadly protease with applications to human medicine
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are some of the most potent biological toxins to humans. They are synthesized by the gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Clostridium botulinum. BoNT is secreted from the bacterium as a ~150 kDa polypeptide which is cleaved by bacterial or host proteases into a ~50 kDa light chain and a ~100 kDa heavy chain disulfide-linked protein. The light chain of the toxin c...
متن کاملNeurologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin type A
This article reviews the current and most neurologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A), beginning with relevant historical data, neurochemical mechanism at the neuromuscular junction. Current commercial preparations of BoNT-A are reviewed, as are immunologic issues relating to secondary failure of BoNT-A therapy. Clinical uses are summarized with an emphasis on controlled clinical tr...
متن کاملBotulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Neurology: Update
This paper reviews the current and most neurological (central nervous system, CNS) uses of the botulinum neurotoxin type A. The effect of these toxins at neuromuscular junction lends themselves to neurological diseases of muscle overactivity, particularly abnormalities of muscle control. There are seven serotypes of the toxin, each with a specific activity at the molecular level. Currently, ser...
متن کاملThe Unusual History and the Urological Applications of Botulinum Neurotoxin
Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is probably the most potent biological toxin that can affect humans. Since its discovery by Justinus Kerner, BoNT has seen use in a wide range of cosmetic and non-cosmetic conditions such as cervical dystonia, cerebral palsy, migraines and hyperhidrosis. We tried to trace its history from its inception to its recent urological applications. Materials an...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
سال: 2018
ISSN: 1422-0067
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051392